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The refore, the purpose here is to analyze how the dawn of the nuclear age is remembered and staged on these distinct scales, and examine what part the notion of place plays in the construction of this memory and who participates in its construction. Renowned, unheard, and repressed voices all contribute to the expression of the bomb’s legacy but from varying angles and with different perspectiv es. This article addresses the significance of the atomic bomb both in national and local memories. The « Land of Enchantment » acquired a new identity as the cradle of the nuclear age after the war and underwent a phenomenal transformation as a result of the arrival of atomic science. This article focuses on one of these dominions where the paramount design, building, and testing ph ases of the bomb took place: the state of New Mexico. Ģ Although the date of Jdoes not bear the same significance in collective memory as the Japanese bombings, it is immensely significant in global history for it ushered in a new era an era in which men acquired the capacity to destroy themselves manifold an era which introduced a new seemingly inexhaustible source of energy that fostered many dreams and an era which transformed regions of the world into dominions of the nuclear industry.
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The Manhattan Project was immediately recognized as the greatest scientific « gamble » in h istory, in Truman’s words, that mobilized close to 129 000 men and women across the country 2. They had fought « the battle of the laboratories » in the shadow of secrecy, on the frontier of science, and they had conquered the mysteries of atomic energy in the name of national security 1. The scientists who participated in the project were celebrated as the heroes who had put an end to the war when President Truman announced the Hiroshima bombing on the radio.
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In the United States, the Manhattan Project is foremost recollected with patriotic pride as the great scientific undertaking that saved the free world from fascism. Less than a month after this first blast, the descendants of the Trinity-test « Gadget » practically annihilated the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, revealing to the rest of the world the existence of atomic bombs. This explosion represented the climax of the Manhattan Project: a two-billion-dollar atomic research and weapons production complex undertaken by the United States Army Corps of during World War II. 2 Vincent C. Jones, Manhattan, the Army and the Atomic Bomb, Washington, DC, Center of Military Histo (.)ġ The land, flora, fauna and peoples of New Mexico bore witness to the birth of the atomic age on Jwhen the world’s first atomic bomb exploded in the Jornada del Muerto desert.1 « Truman Primary Resources: Announcing the Bombing of Hiroshima », Harry S.Zoomer d’une perspective collective à une perspective individuelle permet de souligner l’importance du lieu dans la construction de la mémoire et démontre comment l’histoire nucléaire du Nouveau-Mexique illustre l’interaction entre histoire du monde et histoire locale. Ainsi, cet article s’intéresse à la signification de la bombe dans la mémoire nationale et locale, mettant l’accent sur les voix qui contribuent à exprimer son héritage et sur la façon dont cet héritage est mis en scène. La date de Trinity n’a pas la même place dans la mémoire collective qu’Hiroshima et Nagasaki mais son importance historique prend des formes variées à des échelles mémorielles différentes. Le Nouveau-Mexique connut une transformation phénoménale suite à l’arrivée de la science atomique sur son territoire isolé.
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Le 16 juillet 1945 la « Terre de l’Enchantement » acquit une nouvelle identité comme le berceau de l’ère nucléaire lorsque la toute première bombe atomique explosa dans le désert Jornada del Muerto.